Wall structure



June 17, 1930. w. ANDERSON WALL STRUCTURE Filed Oct. 1'7. 1928 2 Sheets-'Sheet 2 Hrzeler .s on

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Patented June 17, 1930 UNITED ASTATES WILLIAM ANDERSON, OF FERNDALE, MICHIGAN.

WALL STRUCTURE Application filed October 17, 1928. Serial No. 313,073.

Thisy invention relates to Wall structures and itis an object of the invention to provide a structure of this kind comprising a plurality of separate lunits or blocks which, when assembled, provide a wall of a double type having an intermediate dead air space whereby the wall affords an eective insulation against temperature changes and also serves etfectuallyto offstand atmospheric conditions,` and more especially the passage of moisture from the outside of the wall to the inside thereof. I-

The invention also has for an object to provide a structure of this kind composed of a plurality of units, said units being constructed in a manner whereby adjacent units effectively interlock and are maintained in desired assembled relation in a manner to prevent any of the units becoming displaced 2o by vibration, undue atmospheric conditlons or from any other cause which would have a tendency to create such displacement.

An additional object of the invention is to provide a structure comprising avpluralityof coacting units wherein each of the units is provided adjacent opposite ends thereof and above land below its verticalcenter with means coacting with adjacent units whereby such unit is effectively heldwithin the wall structure and in a manner whereby both the rear and front faces of the wall structure are maintained in desired assembled relation.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a wall of this kind comprising a plurality of units'constructed in a manner lwhereby said units may be laid in the requisite courses Vwithout the use of skilled labor and in a manner materially reducing the production costs.

The invention consists in the details of construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts of my improved wall structure whereby certain im# portant advantages'are attained and the device rendered simpler, less expensive and otherwise more convenient and advantageous for use, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

The novel features of my invention will hereinafter be definitely claimed.

In order that my invention may be the better understood, I will now proceed to describe the same with reference to the'accompanying drawings, wherein:-

Figure 1 is a 'fragmentary view in perspective illustrating a fragment of a wall structure embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a View in perspective of a type of corner unit comprised in my improved structure; o

Figure 3 is a view in perspective of a straight or conventional unit embodied in the structure as herein disclosed;

Figure 4 is a view in top plan lof the structure as illustrated in Figure' l;

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional View taken substantially on the line 5-5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 4 but in plan of a course adjacent to the course shown in Figure 4. j

My improved Wall structure as herein disclosed comprises a plurality of straight blocks or units A and B and the corner units C and D.

Each of the units A and B adjacent to its opposite ends is provided with the inwardly disposed lugs 1 and 2,- said lugs l and 2, however, being Vdisposed at opposite sides of the vertical center of the unit or block when in applied or working position. While the blocks A and B embody the same structural features, it is to be noted, however,

that the lugs l and 2 of the unit A are reversely related with respect to the similar lugs of a unit B or, in other words, the block A as herein disclosed'has the lug 1 below the vertical center and the lug 2 thereabove while in the type of block or unit B the lug 1 is above the vertical center and the lug 2 below the vertical center.

Each of theblocks A and B and its lugs 1 and 2 are integrally formed preferably of a desired cementitious composition and an end face of each of the lugs 1 and 2 ats'ubstantially its axial center has 'formed there-y with an upstanding tapered stud or boss 3 while the opposite end face is formed With a pocket or recess 4. An end edge face but Y wardly disposed lug preferably the top longitudinal edge face of the block or unit A or B is provided with an outstandin flange or tenon 5 while the remaining e ge faoes of the block A or B is formed therealong with the grooves or mortises 6. y

The corner unit or block C, as herein disclosed, comprises two perpendicularl related face members 7 and 8, the mem r 8 beingof alength substantially equal to onehalf of the length of the face member 7, and at the junction of said members 7 and 8 and at the lower` portions thereof is formed the inwardly disposed lug 1 while the outer end portion of the longer plate 7 adjacent to its upper free corner is provided with the in- 2. The corner block or unit D embodies the same structural features as the corner block or unit C exce t that the face members 7 and 8 are reverse y related with respect to the corner block or unit C. The marginal edge faces of the blocks C and -D are also provided with the flanges or tenons 5 and the grooves or mortises 6. These lugs 1 and 2 are also provided in their opposed end faces with the outstanding tapered studs or bosses 3. and the pockets or recesses 4.

In building a wall structure in accordance with an embodiment of my invention the units A, B, C and D in one course are staggered with relation to the corresponding units in the adjacent course or courses in a horizontal direction, while the blocks or yunitsin one `face of the completed wall structure are vertically staggered with respect to the adjacent course or courses of blocks or units in the opposite or second face of the wall structure so that no block or unit in one face of the wall structure is in alignment or coincidence with a block or unit of the second face.

As indicated in Figure 1, it is to be noted that in building a structure the blocks or units A and B alternate in a line diagonal to .the vertical whereby the requisite assembly and interitting or interlocking of the various units is permitted, resulting in such units being effectively tied in a manner to withstand vibration, atmos heric pressure or other strains or stresses w ich would have a tendency to displace such units or blocks f and thereby destroy the wall structure.

It isalso to be noted that when the blocks lareA assembled in the wall structure a dead `.air space is afforded therebetween thus aswill prevent passage of moisture from the outside of the wall to the inner surface thereof. This' may be further facilitated` by .units in the second face with'the studs or bosses 3 and 3 en aging within they pockets or recesses 4 and 4 No cementin-g or binding material is interposed in the lappin portions of these lugs and this is of vita importance as by the omission of such binder moisture that may penetrate the units of one face will not be transmitted to theunits of of the second face. v

It is also to be noted that in the assembly a lug 1 or l will interlock with a lug 2 or 2 in an adjacent block or unit in a course immediately thereabove or immediately therebelow, thus assuring the blocks bein assembled in staggered relation both in a orizontal and'in a vertical direction. As ,particularly illustrated in Figure 1, it is to be noted that the units' in one face of the wall structure lap the adjacent horizontal portions of the courses in the second face exce t, of course, the bottom course which is xn the inner face of the wall structure. This bottom course preferably com rises units or blocks E substantially onealf the height of a unit A or B and provided adjacent one end portion with a single inwardly disposed lu 1.'

lly having the lugs 1 and 2 positioned above and below the vertical center of an applied block or unit, the interlocking enthe courses of the inner wall face arealternately brought into contact with the two angularly related outer face portions and at the same time the end blocks or units of the inner face wall portions alternatelyI butt each. other.

To facilitate this assembly the upper longitudinal flange 5 of certain of the units A and B is cut away," as at, 9, so that no hindrance or obstruction will be oii'ered to the particular mountingor application of the unit A or B to be disposed thereacross for requisite contact with the adjacent portion of the outer face of the wall structure.

or B having contact with the outer face of the wall structure has its flange or tenon 5 leliminated and a suliicient part of the adjacent end portion of the unit A or B may be cut away to assure proper butting of said- It is also to be noted that the end of the unit A unit A or B with the face member 7 or 8 of a corner unit or block C or D and, furthermore, to assure the proper. positioning of a lug 2 of a unit A or- B with respect to a llug Q/ of a corner unit C or D.

By being able to build a wall structure of a hollow o r double face type from the units as hereinbefore referred to it is possible that each of the units may be produced or formed in accordance with the well known pouring process or molding which assures the unit or block possessing greater'strength and durability than a block which is molded as is now customary by tamping and the like.

From the foregoing description it is thought to be obvious that. a wall structure constructed in accordance with my invention is particularly well adapted for use by' reason of the convenience and facility with which it may be assembled and operated, and it will also be obvious that my invention is susceptible of some change and modication without departing from the principles and spirit thereof and for this reason I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise arrangement and formation of the several parts herein shown in carrying out my invention in practice except ashereinafter claimed. 1

1. As a new; article of manufacture, a block, and lugs extending in the same general direction from the block adjacent lto opposite ends thereof, said lugs being offset one with respect to the other in a direction transversely of the block, opposed faces of the lugs being provided with locking means whereby to interlock a block in one wall structure with a plurality of blocks in the opposing wall structure. i

2. As a new article of manufacture, a block, and lugs extending in the same general direction from the block adjacent to opposite ends thereof, said lugs being offset one with respect to the other in a direction transversely of the block, a face of 'each of the l-ugs being provided with an outstanding boss, the opposed face being provided with a pocket whereby to interlock a block in one wall structure with a plurality of blocks in the opposing wall structure.

3. As Aa new article of manufacture, a. building block for placement in a horizontal tier, a lug extendin from the inner face of each -end portion o the block, one of said lugs being below the vertical' center of the block with the other lug above said vertical centen Y 4. As a new article of manufacture, a building block for placement ina horizontal tier, a lug extend' from the inner face of each end portion o the block, one of said lugs being below the vertical center of the block with theother lug above said vertical ,p center, each of said lugs being of a height "man signature.

equal to substantially one-half the height of the block.

5. As anew article of manufacture, a building block for placement in a horizontal tier, a lug extendin from the inner face of each end portion o the block, one of said lugs being below the vertical center of the block with the other lug above said vertical center, each of said lugs being of a height equal to substantially one-half the height of theblock, the opposed faces of each of the lugs being flat.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a building block for placement in a horizontal tier, a lug extending from the inner face of each endportion of the block, one of said lugs being below the vertical center of the block'with the other-lug above said vertical center, each of said lugs being of a height equal to substantially one-half the height of the block, a face of each of the lugs being provided with an outstanding boss, the opposed face being provided with apocket.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my WILLIAM ANDERSON. 

